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Frequently
Asked Questions (FAQ)
What
is a rate lock?
You must close a mortgage loan by locking in an interest
rate. The four key elements to a rate lock are loan program, interest rate points and the length of the lock.
The
longer the length of the lock, the higher the points or the interest
rate because the longer the lock, the greater the risk for the lender
offering that lock.
After
a lock expires, most lenders will let you re-lock at the higher of the
original price and the originally locked price. In most cases you will
not get a lower rate if rates drop.
Lenders
can lose money if your lock expires because they are taking a risk by
letting you lock in advance. If rates move higher they are forced to
give you the original rate at which you locked. Lenders often protect
themselves against rate fluctuations by hedging.
Some
lenders offer free float-downs whereby you can lock in a rate and if
the rates drop while your loan is in process, you will get the better
rate. The free float-down is costly for the lender and you pay for
this option indirectly, because the lender has to build the price of
this option into the rate.
If rates drop after you lock in, most lenders will not move unless rates
drop substantially (e.g., 3/8%+). It is expensive for lenders to lock
in interest rates. If they let you improve your rate every time rates
dropped, lenders will spend a lot of time relocking interest rates,
since rates fluctuate daily. In addition, they would have to build
this option into their rates and you would end up paying a higher
rate.
Lock-and-shop
programs are helpful when rates are rising. Most lenders let you lock
in an interest rate on a specific property. If you are house shopping,
some may offer a lock-and-shop program that lets you lock in a rate
before you find one.
Most
lenders offer long-term locks for new construction. These locks do
cost more and may require an up-front deposit. Most long-term new
construction locks do offer a float-down (i.e. if rates drop prior to
closing, you get the better rate).
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